Read the passage carefully and answer the questions following it.
Bangladesh is now apparently in the grip of all sorts of pollution like air pollution, soil pollution and water pollution. The dwellers of the urban areas are the worst sufferers of such pollution. The indiscriminate industrialisation process in Bangladesh over the past decades has created significant environmental problems. We will now know about some of the most common types of environmental pollution and ways of coping with them.
Air pollution
Air pollution comes from a wide variety of sources. In Bangladesh poisonous exhaust from industrial plants, brick kilns, old or poorly-serviced vehicles and dust from roads and construction sites are some of the major sources of air pollution.
We can reduce this type of pollution by making less use of motor vehicles and avoiding the use of vehicles older than 20 years. We may also use proper lubricants to lessen the level of emission and pollutants. We can encourage people to use Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) or Liquid Petroleum Gas (LPG) for fuelling their cars. The government may relocate hazardous industries like brick kilns to areas away from human habitations.
Water pollution
Water pollution can occur in oceans, rivers, lakes, ponds and underground reservoirs. As different water sources flow together, the pollution can spread easily and quickly. Causes of water pollution include:
increased sediment from soil
erosion
improper waste disposal and littering
leakage of soil pollution into water supplies
organic materials that decay in water supplies etc.
In fact, polluting the land means polluting the water. Throwing away a toxic substance on the ground near a water space means it eventually reaches a body of water. As a result, the water is polluted. Industrial wastes must not be disposed of in rivers or lakes. We need to be more careful about disposing of household wastes too. Use of pesticides means that when it rains on the lawn or garden, chemicals wash into the water bodies. Therefore, we must be aware of the dangers of using pesticides as they may pollute our rivers, canals and lakes.
Soil pollution
Among the most significant causes of soil pollution is the enormous volume of industrial waste which is being produced every day but not disposed of properly. The Mismanagement of household wastes, particularly the polythene shopping bags, has caused serious threat to the soil, and the drainage system. Another cause for soil pollution is the use of agricultural pesticides, fertilizers etc. Sometimes fuel leakages from automobiles may get washed away by rain and seep into the nearby soil.
Pesticides and fertilizers are useful for plant growth but their overuse has led to soil pollution. Natural fertilizers and compost can be used instead of their chemical alternatives. Recycling is another way to reduce and control soil pollution. Recycling papers, plastics and other materials reduces the volume of refuse in landfills. Deforestation also causes erosion, pollution and the loss of fertility in the topsoil. Planting trees and reforestation help prevent soil erosion and pollution.
1. Choose the best answer from the alternatives. 1×7=7
a.The indiscriminate industrialization process has created — problem.
(i) social (ii) familial (iii) mental (iv) environmental
b.We should be aware of the dangers of using —.
(i) insecticide (ii) genocide (iii) suicide (iv) pesticide
c.There is a reference to — kinds of pollution in the text.
(i) one (ii) two (iii) three (iv) none of the above
d.Air pollution can be reduced by avoiding the use of vehicles older than — years.
(i) twenty five (ii) twenty (iii) twelve (iv) twenty two
e.Recycling is one of the ways to reduce and control — pollution.
(i) air (ii) sound (iii) water (iv) soil
f.People can be encouraged to use — for fuelling.
(i) CNG (ii) LPG (iii) CNG or LPG (iv) Rickshaw or Van
g.Brick kilns should be in areas away from — habitations.
(i) animal (ii) human (iii) plants
(iv) birds2. Answer the following questions. 2×5 = 10
a. What are the causes of water pollution?
b. What can we inspire people to use?
c. What are the major sources of air pollution?
d. What is the most significant cause of soil pollution?
e. What helps prevent soil erosion and pollution?
3. Fill in each gap with a suitable word of your own based on the information in the text. 0.5×10=5
The another (a)___ of water is (b)___. But this water is (c)___ in many (d)___. They main (e)___ are increased sediment from soil erosion, improper waste disposal and littering, leakage of soil (f)___ into water supplies’ organic materials that (g)___ in water supplies; etc. We (h)___ be very (i)___ so that this water cannot be (j)___.
4. Complete the table below with information from the passage. 1×5=5
Clerk Maxwell was born in Scotland in 1831. He was a scientist. He was very good at Geometry and Mathematics. He proved his excellent talent in mathematics. His major invention is to invent the equation of dynamic magnetic. He became a professor of physics in 1871. He died in 1879.
Alfred Nobel was a great scientist. He is the father of the Nobel Prize which is the best award in the world. He was born in Sweden in 1833. He was a very good student in mathematics. He also studied Chemistry. He went to Paris to study chemistry in 1850. He invented dynamite in 1867. He earned a huge amount of money. He died in 1896.
Wilhelm Konrad was born in Germany in 1845. He studied in many countries. He received his PhD in 1869. He was a professor of physics. He invented X-Ray. He got Nobel Prize for physics. This great scientist died in 1923.
5. Write a summary of the passage in no more than 90 to 100 words. 10
6. Match the parts of sentences given in column ‘A’ and column ‘B’ to write five complete sentence. There are more parts of sentences in column ‘B’ than required. 1×5=5
7. Read the following sentences and put them in correct order. 1×8=8
(a) She worked, worked and worked. Eventually, she managed to repay all the loan money.
(b) The profit that she made was enough to repay the first installment and buy food and clothes for the children.
(c) Soon after getting the loan, she and her husband started to make a plan.
(d) Feroza worked day and night. She sold the rice in the market and made a small profit.
(e) After that Feroza bought a little more paddy, husked it and sold it.
(f) Feroza took a loan of three thousand taka in the year 1992.
(g) First, they made a thatched hut so that they do not have to live under the open sky.
(h) Then she bought a dheki and some paddy with the money.
Composition Parts
8. Answer the following questions to write a paragraph on “Road Accident”. 10
What is a road accident?
Why does it occur in the country?
Write some reasons for it
Who is responsible for it?.
How can we solve it?
9. . Read the beginning of the following story. This story is not complete. Write at least ten new sentences to complete the story with appropriate title.
Once upon a time, a crow became very thirsty. It was summer and the weather was very……. 10
10. Suppose, you are Shahin/Sahina of 9 Tajmahal, Station Road, Mymensingh. Recently you have enjoyed a study tour in a historic place. One of your friends is Nahid/Sahida of 6 Mohakhali, Dhaka. He/She wants to know about your study tour. Now, write a letter to your friend describing ins and outs of your study tour. 10
11. Suppose, you are Labib or Lovely and your friend is Nishat/Nishitha. Your friend is frustrated about the spreading Dengue Fever of Bangladesh. Now, write a dialogue between you and your friend about how to stop dengue fever from our country. 10
12. . The graph below shows yearly imports and exports (Billion Dollars) of a country. Describe the graph in 150 words. You should highlight and summarise the information given in the graph: – 10